The Pendhok Style Ofsurakarta Kris A Case Study Of Dhoni Kustanto As Pendhokartist Of 90s Mranggi Generations

Abstract

Kris(keris)  is  a  kind  of  Javanese  dagger  with  its  main  parts:  blade,  hilt,  sheath,  and pendhok. The pendhok is a protective part of the sheath, usually made of various metals such as  silver,  bronze,  copper,  brass,  and  even  gold.  Krisof  tangguh  nom  (young  period)  which later  specified  as  tangguh  Surakarta  (Surakarta  period)  becomes  a  model  in  the  making ofpendhok.  Tangguh  (period)  means  an  identification  of  kris  based  on  the  period  of kingdoms  with  its  empu  (kris  masters).  The  formation  of  pendhok  inSurakarta  style  means connected  with  the  form  of  Surakarta  kris  which  conceptualized  by  PB  III  to  differentiate with  Kasunanan  Kartasura.  The  tangguh  Surakarta  isaccepted  as  a  style  of  kris  which  has aform  of  distinction  to  the  another  kingdom:  Yogyakarta.  Seemingly  the  aesthetic  of pendhok  and  Surakarta  kris  is  remained  the  original  post-Kartasura  trace  but  with  the authenticity  of  PB  III.  The  form  of  Surakarta  kris  is  recognizable  by  the  shape  of  sheath (warangka), especially ladrang and gayaman, with the hilt of tunggak semi  (spring stump). The pendhok form follows the sheath style, and its ornaments mostly signify an adopted art of pre-Islam: Hindu – Budha. As Majapahit diminishes and Islam arose, the kris then shaped in the palace traditions in the hegemony of Islam Kejawen and the king is in the center. Kris culture arranged as a form of synthesis between Old Java of Majapahit with the New Java of Islam  Pesisiran  (seashore)  in  the  era  of  Islamic  Mataram  by  Sultan  Agung.  During  the colonialism,  the  conflict  over  Mataram  authority  hadchangedJava,  alsomade  Surakarta  and its kris form producedin different identities through the kris culture and customary fashion in the Palace and then rooted in the Surakarta folk by the mranggi in the outside of Palace.